UNIX outline

 
 copyright 2001 - john meister - clearview consulting


UNIX Introduction through System Administration

  NOTE: An introduction class would end in System tools and provide
extensive examples and details.  A Sys Admin class would tend to go
over the basics quickly, primarily as a review intended to provide a
common baseline.  Little time would be spent in this area and the
class would move quickly to the more advanced topics.



 DRAFT - October 25, 2001 



A.	Overview:
	----------
	- basics 
	- stdin/stdout/stderr
	- components of system
	- files/processes
	- getting on the system
	- shells
	- 5 essential commands



B.	System Basics:
	---------------
	- commands: file
	- commands: directory
	- commands: status
	- commands: system
	- commands: advanced overview
	- intro to command line
	- intro to vi Editor
	- intro to scripting
	- file permissions
	- commands: ownership
	- CDE information
	- mail tools - intro
	- logging out
	- shutting down
	- troubleshooting



C.	File Tools:
	--------------
	- redirection
	- adding date to file suffix
	- commands: find
	- commands: grep
	- commands: sed
	- commands: awk
	- commands: tr
	- commands: tar 
	- commands: compress
	- troubleshooting



D.	File Manipulation:
	------------------
	- command line Perl 
	- cleaning up after Microsoft
	- vi Editor - advanced
	- Posix scripting 
	- basic HTML
	- mail tools - more
	- troubleshooting



E.	Environments:
	--------------
	- dotfiles
	- shell environment
	- EDITOR
	- PATH
	- DISPLAY
	- PS1      
	- /etc/profile
	- /etc/motd
	- command line completion



F.	System Monitoring:
	-------------------
	- processes
	- killing
	- tools
	- mail tools
	- troubleshooting




 System Admin only below 

G.	System Networking:
	-------------------
	- TCP/IP
	- IP address
	- netmask / subnets
	- DNS 
	- NIS
	- routers
	- intranet
	- internet
	- firewalls
	- troubleshooting



H.	System Configuration:
	----------------------
	- System Layout
	- System Design
	- configuration tools
	- configuration scripting
	- operating system sources
	- software depots
	- troubleshooting



I.	System Preservation:
	----------------------
	- documentation
	- use of web pages
	- backups
	- recovery
	- failover
	


J.	System Startup and Shutdown scripts:
	--------------------------------------
	- System files:  startup
	- System files:  shutdown
	- System files:  HP-UX
	- System files:  Solaris
	- System files:  Linux
 


K.	File Systems:
	-------------
	- inodes
	- disk layouts
	- RAID
	- HFS
	- Logical Volume Managers
	- Journaled File Systems
	- NFS



L.	System Logs:
	-------------
	- monitoring system logs
	- dmesg
	- syslog
	- user access logs



M.	System Maintenance:
	---------------------
	- file systems
	- kernel parameters 
	- patching systems
	- upgrading systems



N.	System Admin Tools:
	---------------------
	- HP: SAM
 	- IBM: SMIT
	- SUN: SysAdmin Tool
	- Linux: GUI tools












some UNIX history

Ken Thompson developed the UNIX operating system in PDP-7 Assembly language and then
developed the B language, a machine-independent language.  (circa 1969, hence the
date function in UNIX starts counting in 1970, that's why Y2K isn't a problem for
UNIX, however, the year 2038 is... until a 64 bit system is used... :)

Dennis Ritchie developed the C language by modifying B, and with Thompson 
rewrote the UNIX system in C.  Kernighan is a co-developer of the C programming 
language, Ritchie being the other.  

Of course, I'm sure Ken Thompson had a lot to do with it by reworking UNIX with C.

Later ANSI C was developed, the original version often referred to as K&R C
for Kernighan and Ritchie.  Another researcher at Bell Labs, Bjarne Stroustrop,
created the oop (object oriented programming) version called C++, built up C.  

(see pp9 ff of "A Practical Guide to the UNIX System, 3rd Edition,
	  Mark G. Sobell, isbn 0-8053-7565-1)



Of course UNIX continues to be a dominant force in high availability, high
reliablity systems worldwide.  Solaris, HP-UX, AIX, IRIX, Dynix, Ultrix, and so on...
with LINUX becoming a popular, and robust, version running primarily on the
Intel archeticture, however, variants of Linux also exist for PA-Risc systems
and common UNIX platforms like Solaris (SUN Microsystems).

Linux will eventually dominate the PC market, and replace the other Intel based
variants like BSDi, SCO and other lesser known versions.

LINUX is the most efficient UNIX kernel I've worked with.  I've loaded Solaris
2.6 on a Sparc LX (545M drive) with about 24M of RAM.  I loaded Linux RedHat
5.1 on the same size disc and made comparisons in "seat of the pants" feel.  Linux
was significantly faster than Solaris on the LX!  Solaris is a very efficient
kernel, I couldn't image an HP-UX firing up CDE on 24M of RAM!
---------------------------------------------